In recent years, fiber optic sensors, primarily based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), have been gradually applied in the monitoring of electrical equipment. This article provides an overview of the sensing principles and classifications of fi. In recent years, fiber optic sensors, primarily based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), have been gradually applied in the monitoring of electrical equipment. This article provides an overview of the sensing principles and classifications of fiber Bragg gratings and related sensors in the monitoring of electrical equipment. It also discusses their applications in various types of electrical equipment. Addressing the current issues, such as packaging, cross-sensitivity, multiplexing, and lifespan, this article analyzes the advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects of these sensors. Additionally, a brief introduction is provided for some rapidly emerging technologies like WFBG array. This article aims to provide technical references for researchers in the field of fiber optic sensing for electrical equipment.Fiber Bragg GratingOptical fiber sensingState perceptionElectrical equipmentFBGFiber Bragg GratingPDPartial dischargeOTLsOverhead transmission linesOPGWFiber composite overhead ground wireADSSAll dielectric self-supporting optical fiber cableThe intelligent power grid is the latest trend in the development of the power system and is regarded as a major technological innovation and development direction in the power system. It has put more stringent requirements on the operational reliability, ability to cope with complex working conditions, and ability of state perception of electrical equipment such as electrical machines, transformers, and transmission lines. Currently, optical fiber sensors are generally considered as a good choice for promptly and precisely detecting potential faults in electrical equipment and ensuring their sustained and stable operation. It has facilitated the rapid development of the industry and its related markets. According to ElectroniCast and Allwood's research, the fiber optic sensors market is projected to reach US$ 4.82 billion by 2021. Subse. The processing method of FBG is to use ultraviolet light or a femtosecond laser to irradiate a specific position of the fiber, making the photosensitive fiber core produce a periodic refractive index distribution and form a grating-sensitive zone. It is selective for wavelength and can reflect specific wavelengths of light while allowing other wavelengths to pass through. A small portion of light gets reflected at at each grating period. These reflected light signals coherently add up to form a prominent reflection at a specific wavelength. This phenomenon is known as the Bragg condition, and the wavelength where this reflection happens is termed the Bragg wavelength,.In uniform FBG, the grating period and modulation depth remain unchanged thro.